Rakesh Garhwal

Join Telegram Channel Why in News According to the National Election Watch (NEW) and Association of Democratic Reforms (ADR), in the Assembly elections in Assam, Kerala, Puducherry, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal, at least 1,157 out of 6,318 candidates have criminal cases against them. •NEW is a nationwide campaign since 2002 comprising more than 1200 Non- governmental Organizations (NGOs) and other citizen led organizations working  together on electoral reforms, improving democracy and governance in India. •ADR is an Indian NGO established in 1999 situated in New Delhi. Key Points •About: • The criminalization of politics means the participation of criminals in politics  which includes that criminals can contest in the elections and get elected as  members of the Parliament and the State legislature. It takes place primarily  due to the nexus between politicians and criminals. Legal Aspect of Disqualification of Criminal Candidates •In this regard, Indian Constitution does not specify as

How to Tackle Naxalism in India? ✔️Naxalism & Maoism ●The term Naxalism derives its name from the village Naxalbari of West Bengal. It originated as rebellion against local landlords by the ideologues of left-wing extrem groups for rightful redistribution of the land to working peasants.  ◆These extremists were known as naxals and their movement was called as naxal movement, which has, later spread across the Eastern India; in less developed areas of states such as Chhattisgarh, Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.  ●The naxals supported Maoist political ideology and outfits. Maoism is a variant of communism developed by Mao Tse Tung. The Maoist insurgency doctrine glorifies violence as the primary means to overwhelm the existing democratic state structure . ✔️Reasons for the Spread of Naxalism ●Land Reforms: The failure of implementation of land reforms (land ceiling and redistribution of land to landless) that affected both social and economic conditions of the people. ●Social inequality:

Compulsory Military Training ●it is a form of compulsory enlistment of local people in national service or military service. It is something that is going on from ages in some places, and really helped people.  ●In India also, some people are in favor of compulsory military training. They want the central government to seriously consider the proposal of military training in educational institutes. Arguments in favour - ◆India faces the shortage of military officers, and the step could help the government to get the required number. ◆It will provide a morale boost and a stronger representation to the army brigade of Himachal Pradesh. ◆The restructuring of regiments by making military training compulsory will lower down the walls of differences between rural and urban India, the different states and the communities. ◆The compulsory military training will be a form of vocational training that will utilize some years of youth life for constructive purposes. ◆Military training will instill

Constitution is a set of document written or unwritten by which governance of a country can be carried out. Need of the Constitution: 1. It brings together people from different groups such as religion, society, philosophy etc. 2. It set the basic structure of the governing machinery of the country such as Legislature, Executive and Judiciary and maintain thier balacne. 3. It defines the power of the government and set limit to it extent. 4. It provide a basic set of rights to the citizens against the tyranny of the government, in order to bring wholesome psycho-social development of the people. 5. It provides the bedrock platform for the democracy to thrive, which is in essence is very basic need to have the constitution. Thus, constitution is very much needed for justice, liberty, equality, fraternity, freedom, ideals which are enshrined in the preamble of the Indian constitution.

Urbanisation:  Urbanisation is the population shift from villages or rural areas to urban areas. Urban areas are important towns in terms of administration, employment, trade, commerce etc. Good/Pros: 1. Urban areas provide more employment opportunities. For example cities like Bangalore have become epicentre of IT sector in India 2. Cities are the hub of education, be it secondary school or higher education.  3. Cities are equipped with more efficient basic amenities like water, electricity, health etc  4. Caste identities and stereotypes are less dominant in urban areas as compared to rural areas.  5. Urban areas have better connectivity through roads and bridges, flyover etc  and transport facilities including roadways, railways, Airways and even waterways in some cases. 6 All tourist and pilgrim centres like Varanasi, Goa etc have urbanization due to high footfall. Bad/Cons: 1. All the cities are given birth at the cost of loss of habitat and deforestation.  2. Due to high populati

Economic slowdown in India:  India's plan to become 5 trillion dollar economy by 2024 could be little late due to the economic slowdown because ofcovid-19. During the first quarter of 2020-21, India's GDP reduced by -23.9 % which is lowest in world. Once a fastest growing economy in the world, is in a great thread due to economic slowdown.   2019-20 India's economic growth was 4.2 % against 6.1 % in 2018-19 and after 2 months lock down due to covid pandemic contract its economy by 5.9 % in 2020.  According to World Bank, India is at high risk. India has largest number of young population but 41 lakh youth lost their jobs in last six months.  Indian government has taken various steps like cutting tax rates and Aatm nirbhar Bharat abhiyan launched to become self dependent, Additional funds in MANREGA scheme to provide employment to migrant workers who returned to their homes, Investment on infrastructurecetc.  Investors could help India to regain its fastest growing economy t

Farmer suicides in India   "If agriculture fails , everything else will fail"-  MS swaminathan  India is a country where 70% of its population directly or indirectly depends on the agriculture for livelihood but the life of the farmers is full of uncertainty and and often ends up in suicides. Since 2013  almost 12000 suicide were recorded in the agriculture sector. Farmer suicides in India accounts to almost 11% of all suicides in the country , among them the 7 States Viz Maharashtra ,Andhra Pradesh, telangana ,Tamilnadu, Chhattisgarh ,MP and Karnataka calculates 87% of the total farmer suicides. Maharashtra being the most affected state. Punjab the most benefited state from green revolution also has a unpleasant data.  There are many reasons which are responsible for farmer suicides. 1.  Increase in input cost which increases burden on farmers and they need to take loans . as per NCRB National crime record bureau 2474 out of 3000 farmer suicides had unpaid  loans in local ba

Cryptocurrency is digital currency that allows transaction to remain anonymous while confirming the transaction is valid. It is type of peer-to-peer transaction in which blockchain technology is used. These are becoming common like Bitcoin, litecoin are frequently used at international market.  Facebook also launched its own cryptocurrency Libra. In Modern era importance of digital currency is increasing day by day because of various reasons. The most important one is-  Its easy access and global recognition. It promote decentralized system of currency which can be accessed globally. In addition to this, it is digital currency so it's market remains same worldwide. It facilitates quick transaction which hardly take few minutes and personal details are not disclosed or shared that's why it can be an important tool for E-Commerce. Countries like Japan legalized Bitcoin as a currency and India is also attempting to introduce its own cryptocurrency called Lakshmi. Besid

Cyber security : Need of the Hour It is the time when whole world is suffering from covid crisis.  Currently government websites are being hacked, Banks also reported breach of confidential data from their servers,  the energy and nuclear power plants control systems are infected with virus Trojan and social media accounts of  celebrities being hacked. People are receiving text messages asking amount or money has been deducted from their bank accounts. The whole Nation is in a state of confusion.  It is clear that our country has become a victim of cyber attack and there has been 260% increase in cyber attacks since lockdown induced due to covid-19 pandemic. Due to increasing network and interconnectivity cyber attacks have become more common.   Cyber attackers uses different methods for attacks.  First , There are many financially motivated organised crime groups uses cyberspace as Warfare to hack business, Networks and demand money from users to fund their terrorist activ

Cashless Economy (Defination):  The cashless economy refer to the flow of currency through electronic channels such as debit /credit card, internet banking, mobile banking, point of sales (PoS) etc.  The caseless economic activity usually happens in three different modes namely mobile or e-wallet,  plastic money, internet banking. Benefits of cashless economy:  1. Transparency and efficiency : it make your transactions efficient and transparent. 2. Save money and time: One can transfer money from anywhere and anytime.  3. It also provides  facilities like online shopping and online education. 4. It helps to remove black money from the Indian economy. It also remove the middleman and help to deposit subsidiary Benefits directly into citizens account. 5. Young population:  As per Census 2011 75% of Indian population is below 45 years of age. This young generation is very sensitive to to environment and prefer this fast and smooth transaction, so they prefer digital transactio

Candidate 1. Good morning everyone . Today we are going to discuss a most important topic that is suicide by young people.The suicide rate in this age group between 15-29 is the highest among others because it's an age of adolescence where you practically meet with the bitter reality of the society. Candidate 2. I am totally agree with Candidate 1. suicide rate in this age group between 15-29 is the highest among others because it's an age of adolescence where you practically meet with the bitter reality of the society. Candidate 3.  According to me suicides rates are increasing because if less opportunities whether in govt or private sector. .population is so high that not everyone get chance to work, n face many rejections and unable to handle stress.end up in suicide.  Candidate 4.  The sucide rate is increasing among young people they become depress due to failures And challenges of life. Candidate 5.  Good Morning Everyone  From my point of view suicide rates are increasin

Self introduction is a part of Airforce Phase2 testing.  First of all you will be given an unseen passage. You will be given 5 Minute (Approx) time to read it out. You have to tell the Topic or Title of this passage while introducing yourself. You will be given Approx 1-1.5 minutes to introduce yourself and after it discussion will start with your group members.  How you can give your Introduction: - ‘Hello sir (Good morning/ Afternoon/Evening). I am…………… (Your Full name). My Father's name is Mr/Late Shri…………. (Your Father name) and he is a ………. (father occupation). My mother's name is Mrs/Late Smt………. (Your Mother Name) and She is a ………. (Mother Occupation). I have…… sisters or brothers.(If all are younger than you pls mention). I have complete 12th or higher secondary education with ## percentage from (Name of educational board) And currently I am persuing (current education) from (Name of college). Complete introduction within 30-35 sec.  During introduction you

Tips to Crack Airforce Phase2 Group Discussion Easily Group Discussion  is a part of Airforce Phase2 exam. A group of 12 to 15 candidates assembled to discuss on any given topic. Normally one Airforce officer and one or two Airmen available through out the exam to check the Candidates.  I It generally happens after the  Psychology test   or SRT and DFT test  during Phase2. There is a saying that, the first impression is the last impression so you need to put your best foot forward as this is the first time that selectors would be seeing your personality. The following article discusses some of the important tips for Group Discussion during Phase2 exam. What is Group Discussion? Group Discussion is an informal discussion between the candidates to check their performance as an individual and a team player. The Group Discussion is an excellent way by which the assessor is able to judge the knowledge of a candidate on issues related to current trends and happening around the world. In addi

Get Complete details about Situation Reaction Test for Airforce Interview. Here we will discuss some important tips to crack the Situation Reaction Test. Situation Reaction Test What is SRT? Situation Reaction Test (SRT) is a part of Airforce Phase2 and conducted before Group Discussion. It is a kind of psychological tests. One has to score well in SRT to crack Airforce Phase2. The situations that are mentioned in the test are pertaining to day-to-day life problems which a person may encounter and based on those situations a response is demanded. You have to select any one response out of 04 options and answering of each SRT is compulsory. The response is then tested to check the personally that Aspirants having. A candidate's way of responding shows his common sense, sense of time, ability to reason, maturity, and empathy. The procedure of SRT: Each candidate is given a booklet which consists of 45 Situations with blanks. There are a total of 45 Situations that are to be answered

As soon as GD is open for Discussion: Candidate 1.  Technology  helps us to engage with social media . As we known various places in rural as well as urban area many people who are on Facebook and tiktok they devote their time to these app due to which they won't move out from their home. Various bollywood and hollywood actress keep pleasing other to follow norms and  it also motivate peoples to stay at home. Candidate 2.  Technology helps us to maintain an online database of the citizens , it helps a lot now and the relief is directly transferred to the people without any hassle and its fast too. Candidate 3. Video conferencing is the primary way to connect with each other now, Classes are being conducted online, Courts are hearing cases in conferences ,Whole IT sector is working from home, This had only been possible because of our robust internet infrastructure and private players have done a tremendous job maintaining the quality of it, But there have been some risk for example

Traditional education system: Advantages and Disadvantages In traditional education, students are gathered under a roof at a specific time and specific place. The teaching style of traditional education is teacher-driven. Advantages: •Punctuality: The students will have a specific time for every period and time for taking a break. This timing is all planed at the beginning, the students follow this routine and make them punctual and disciplined. •Social interactions: The students interact with their peers which help them in character building. They learn to share and respect others. •Extracurricular activities: This gives the students an opportunity to showcase their hidden talent to others. This helps them recognized for their talents and are able to excel in their life. •Face to face interactions: The students are able to have direct interactions with their teachers. They are able to ask questions and more explanations on the areas they have doubts. Disadvantages: •Generalized learni

The Lokpal Act:-    - This  Act  provides for the  establishment of a body of Lokpal  for the Union  and  Lokayukta for  States  to inquire  into  allegations  of  corruption  against  certain public  functionaries  and  for  matters  connected therewith or incidental thereto.    - It was  passed in 2013.   -  Lokpal has to enquire into allegations of corruption against public functionaries of the central government  in a time-bound manner.  Jurisdiction:   -The Prime Minister, Ministers, Members of  Parliament and officers and officials of the Central Government.    Composition:-   -The  Lokpal consists of  a  Chairperson  with  a maximum of  8 members of  which  50%  shall  be judicial members.   -50% of the members of the Lokpal shall come from amongst  the  SCs,  the  STs,  the  OBCs,  minorities, and women.  Selection of the Members:-    -The selection of the Chairperson and the members of Lokpal shall be  through a  Selection  Committee consisting  of  the  Prime  Minister,  the 

HIV-AIDS: (Important Notes for Airforce Phase2 Group Discussion) -It is a set of symptoms or syndrome caused by HIV. But it is not necessary that a person infected with HIV will definitely develop AIDS. -A person infected with HIV is likely to develop symptoms of AIDS over a period of time when his/er immune system is too weak to fight HIV infection. -This is the last stage of HIV when the infection is very advanced and if left untreated will lead to death. -A person with HIV whose CD4 count falls below 200 per cubic millimetre is diagnosed with AIDS. -The risk of HIV progressing to AIDS varies widely between individuals and depends on many factors including:  1.The age of the Individua  2.The body’s ability to defend against HIV  3.Access to high quality sanitary healthcare  4.Presence of other infections  5.Individual’s genetic resistance to certain strains of HIV  6.Drug-Resistant strains of HIV Symptoms: •The early symptoms include fever, chills, joint pains, muscle aches, sore thr