Verb Part 2

 Dear aspirants,

Here we are with our thirteenth module of English Master Series. Hope this will surely help you with your English Language preparation. Here in this Module we will study about  Tricks of Verb - II.

Tricks of Verb - II

Non-finite verbs

A non-finite verb is a verb that does not function as the predicate verb in a clause. While some non-finite verbs take the form of past or present participles, they are generally not inflected—that is, they don’t have mood, tense, number, aspect, gender, or person.

The opposite of a non-finite verb is a finite verb, which does serve as a predicate verb—for example, the verbs in She walks, He sings, and I went.

There are three main types of non-finite verbs: gerunds, infinitives, and participles. 

Gerunds

A gerund is an -ing verb that functions as a noun.

Ex:

• Are you into reading?
• Sailing is my favourite sport.

When the same words are used as adjectives, they are participles.

Infinitives

Infinitives are non-inflected verbs that are often preceded by to.

• They may function as adverbs: I struggle to understand.
• They may function as nouns: To read is good for the mind.
• And they may function as adjectives: I don’t have time to eat.

Participles

Participles are -ed and -ing verbs that function as adjectives—

Ex:

• The sleeping cat is brown.
• The freshly picked tomatoes look delicious.
• I am going to the store.
• The kids were dropped off at school.

Non-finite clauses

A non-finite clause is a dependent clause whose main verb is non-finite. It may function as a noun, adjective, or adverb.

Ex:

• Your calling me was very considerate.
• The firetruck , blaring its siren, sped down the road.
• We wanted to bring you a present.

 

Patterns of Verbs 

V + INFINITIVE

Most normal verbs use this construction.

Ex:  They decided to stay at home

 

V + BARE INFINITIVE

Special verbs (except Be, Have and Ought to): do, can/could, will/would, shall/should, may/might, must

Ex: She will come soon

 

 V + -ING

Verbs of likes and dislikes: like, dislike, hate, detest, love, prefer, enjoy...

Ex: She hates walking in the rain

NOTE:

In modern English these verbs can also be used with infinitive with no real change of meaning

Ex: She loves to swim

But if these verbs are used with WOULD, you must always use the infinitive

Ex: I'd like to tell you a secret

Other verbs:  finish, mind, keep, practice, go on, consider, suggest ...

Ex: Would you mind opening the window?

 

V + Object +  inf

want, ask, invite, order, tell, teach, advise, allow, beg, cause, command, encourage, expect, force, need, order, recommend, remind ....

Ex: She taught him to do it the right way

 

V + O + bare inf

let, make, (help)

Ex:  I’ll help you move the table

 

V + O + -ing

The object of the first verb is the subject of the following -ing form. In this case we can also use a possessive adjective.

Ex: excuse, forget, forgive, etc.

Ex: Excuse me for interrupting you

 

V + -ing / inf

No change of meaning: begin, start, continue

Ex: It began to rain = It began raining

Change of meaning: remember, forget, regret / stop / try / advise, allow, permit, forbid

Remember, forget, regret

Look to the future: Remember to post this letter when you get there  (=don’t forget to do it in the future)

Look to the past: I remember buying my first bicycle when I was 8  (= it's a memory from the past)

Stop

End an action to do something different: He stopped to relax

Finish an action: He stopped driving because he was too tired

Try

Make an effort: He tried to open the door, but it was locked

Make an experiment: He tried speaking to her in German, but she still didn't answer

Advise, allow, permit, forbid

With no object: I advise getting up very early

With an object: I advise you to get up very early

 

V + O + -ing / bare inf

Verbs of the senses: see, watch, hear, listen, feel, smell, notice...

If we use it with a bare infinitive, the action is perceived complete, from beginning to end. If we use it with -ing then we only perceived a fragment of the action, we saw it happening, but not from beginning to end.

Ex:

•     I saw them talk angrily, but nothing happened
•     I saw them talking angrily, so I left the room. I could still hear them from the kitchen.

 

-ING:  Verb + -ing   /   Verb + O + -ing

admit, avoid, delay, deny, detest, excuse (me/my), feel like, finish, forgive (me/my), imagine, fancy, keep, mention, mind, miss, postpone, practice, can't stand, can't help, suggest, look forward to, be used to, give up, resent, resist, risk...

Ex:

• Do you mind getting your scruffy finger out of my eye? It hurts, you know?
• I detest sitting on the plain with a neurotic scaredy cat

 

Verb + object + infinitive

advise, allow, ask, expect, forbid, force, invite, like, need, order, persuade, prefer, recommend, request, remind, teach, tell, want, warn...

Ex:

•  People expect him to tell the best jokes
• They forced me to wear that horrible handbag again

Thanks